Kentucky

Where are the jobs in Kentucky? Data on commuters give some indication

Vehicles drive along West Main Street in downtown Lexington, Ky., in this file photo.
Vehicles drive along West Main Street in downtown Lexington, Ky., in this file photo. rhermens@herald-leader.com

Before the pandemic turned the world of work upside down, the number of people commuting to Fayette County outnumbered those who live and work there, and more workers were making high wages.

Those are some key findings from the Kentucky Center for Statistics’ (KYSTATS) Commuting Patterns Report, which displays data for each county and allows users to track the flow of workers throughout the state.

The tool, created using a special dataset from the U.S. Census Bureau, includes data for 2002 to 2019. Notably, it doesn’t enable users to view commuter data after the pandemic.

Summing up the report’s findings in an email response, KYSTATS Executive Director Dr. Matt Berry wrote, “the KentuckianaWorks Local Workforce Area (LWA) has the highest percentage of people living and working in the area at 84%, with the Bluegrass LWA second at 81%.”

KentuckianaWorks encompasses Bullitt, Henry, Jefferson, Oldham, Shelby, Spencer and Trimble counties. The Bluegrass LWA spans Anderson, Bourbon, Boyle, Clark, Estill, Fayette, Franklin, Garrard, Harrison, Jessamine, Lincoln, Madison, Mercer, Nicholas, Powell, Scott and Woodford counties.

Some other data highlights from Berry for Fayette County include:

  1. 95,731 people commute to Fayette County from other counties for work.

  2. 91,708 people live and work in Fayette County.

  3. 43,064 people commute from Fayette County for work.

According to Berry, most people are commuting into Fayette from Jessamine, Madison and Scott counties, while if they leave Fayette, most are going to Jefferson, Scott and Jessamine counties.

A screen capture of Fayette County’s commuter profile from the Kentucky Center for Statistics’ (KY STATS) Commuting Patterns Report. Information included in the report is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and spans the years 2002 to 2019. The image here reveals that, at least prior to the start of the pandemic in 2020, more people were commuting to work in Fayette County than those who both live and work there.
A screen capture of Fayette County’s commuter profile from the Kentucky Center for Statistics’ (KY STATS) Commuting Patterns Report. Information included in the report is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and spans the years 2002 to 2019. KYSTATS

More high-wage workers in Fayette County

Between 2002 and 2019, the time period reflected in the data, more than 52,000 additional workers flowed into Fayette County as commuters.

What’s more, as many as 25,622 were classified as “high wage” workers commuting into the county, according to the report. Another 17,862 workers commuting into Fayette County were earning a “middle wage,” while 9,183 earned low wages.

A look at commuter data from the Kentucky Center for Statistics.
A look at commuter data from the Kentucky Center for Statistics (KYSTATS) KYSTATS

The fastest-growing job during that time period in Fayette County was in the service sector, which added 36,000 positions. It was followed by the trade sector at 10,554 workers commuting into Fayette County, and then by 5,397 additional jobs in the goods producing and industry sectors.

100,000 more workers commute in to Jefferson County

Data from the KYSTATS report clearly shows Jefferson County remains a hive of economic activity, with 178,695 commuting to work in the county.

Commuting data for Jefferson County from the Kentucky Center for Statistics Commuting Patterns Report.
Commuting data for Jefferson County from the Kentucky Center for Statistics Commuting Patterns Report. KYSTATS

Among those commuting workers, the service industry dominates, with 63,445 additional workers traveling to clock in.

Nearly 70,000 commuting workers were earning a high wage, while roughly 30,000 made middle income wages and 15,000 were paid low wages.

Commuting data for Jefferson County from the Kentucky Center for Statistics.
Commuting data for Jefferson County from the Kentucky Center for Statistics. KYSTATS

Fewer people live and work in Eastern Kentucky

Only about 61% of workers in Eastern Kentucky live and work in the same county, according to the report.

That figure refers to counties encompassed by the Eastern Kentucky Concentrated Employment Program, which includes Bell, Breathitt, Carter, Clay, Elliott, Floyd, Harlan, Jackson, Johnson, Knott, Knox, Lawrence, Lee, Leslie, Letcher, Magoffin, Martin, Menifee, Morgan, Owsley, Perry, Pike and Wolfe counties.

Statewide commuting data from the Kentucky Center for Statistics.
Statewide commuting data from the Kentucky Center for Statistics. KYSTATS

More information about the report’s methodology can be found online.

Do you have a question about employment in Kentucky for our service journalism team? We’d like to hear from you. Fill out our Know Your Kentucky form or email ask@herald-leader.com.

Aaron Mudd
Lexington Herald-Leader
Aaron Mudd was a service journalism reporter for the Lexington Herald-Leader, Centre Daily Times and Belleville News-Democrat. He was based at the Herald-Leader in Lexington, and left the paper in February 2026. Support my work with a digital subscription
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